POR 2000
DEFINING THE STRUCTURE
Imput Operations
The definition of the structure passes through the definition of the levels, the intersection nodes and other structural elements of which the structure is composed: wall panels, floors, tie-beams, reinforcements. This can be done by setting the data in tables or working in a graphical environment. The program provides support for the input with utility functions such as duplication of plans, the background planimetries DFX importing and tha automatic synchronization of the working windows. The overall organization of the environment is very simple and intuitive, so that a whole session of work can be completed quickly, with minimal user effort.Table Imput
The table input consists in typing the data in the elements definition spreadsheets L'input in tabella consiste nel digitare i dati nei fogli di definizione degli elementi. The program makes extensive use of data grids, structured like a spreadsheet, which provide commands to add or delete items.Graphical Imput
The graphical input provides operations to insert, update and/or delete the structural elements that make up the masonry. These features are available in the views of the plans, panels and walls. Graphical editing in the plan is extended to all the elements (nodes, panels, floors, holes, tie-beams) and allows to describe all the structural details that are important for modeling. In the panels view it is possible to insert, move and/or delete the holes. In the walls view it is possible to set the reversal sections and adjust misalignments between overlapping walls. Working in the graphical input is pleasant and intuitive and can provide a convenient alternative to the table numerical input. To insert a panel in the plan you have just to click in one point and drag to the other extreme. Thereis no need to dispose in advance the intersection nodes, since they are created automatically if not already present. The construction characteristics of the panel, kind of wall, thickness, etc.., can be predefined before insertion or set back by intervening with the modify functions.
Working with a DXF background
In the plans view it is possible to import a DXF background and use it to speed the graphical input. The insertion of nodes can be executed with precision, because of a snap function that identifies extremes and the midpoint of each line in the DXF. After placing the nodes, you can continue with the insertion of the panels and openings, as shown in the figures below. When the background is no longer needed it can be removed and the work can proceed with the definition of the other elements of the structure.
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Definition Elements
Now let's review the various elements that define the structure.
Levels
First, we define all the levels from foundation to coverage plan, inserting the plans heights and any external forces applied. in addition, on the levels we assign the display options that allow the composition of partial views of solid, useful for compliance monitoring of internal parts.
Intersection Nodes
The nodes correspond to the intersection points in plans of the wall panels and or of the edges of cantilevered floors . They are used for setting the wall panels, extended between two nodes, and for setting the floors, that require the sequence of nodes placed on the perimeter.
Panels
The panel is an element defined between two nodes of crossing, used to model elevation walls, foundation walls or beams supporting the floors. For wall panels you assign the type of masonry, the thickness, the wire drive, the vertical load directly applied, the prestressings and the type of curbs. This latter gives the panel a degree of clamping with the floor and defines the constraint to be considered in tests at a press-bending: free head, simple support or yielding joint.
Reinforcements
Each wall panel can be optionally reinforced with RINFORZI A PARAMENTO and mortar injections, which increases the values of strength and stiffness, estimated by the program based on the correlations available in literature or set independently by the user. Various types of reinforcements are planned:wall tiling, reinforced plaster, composite fibers plating, active seams of pre-tense steel sheets (CAM system), injections. In the new version, the application of reinforcements can be performed directly by graphics in the plans design, together with the definition of a new panel or by modifying an existing panel.
Holes
The holes correspond to the doors and to the windows that are in the building. They have to be disposed on the panels, selecting the type and defining the position in plan and the height.
Slabs
The slabs are defined in the floor by assigning the sequence of its vertices nodes that mark their perimeter and by assigning the type, tha orientation angle, overloads and the loading eccentricities to be considered in the calculation.
They can also be lowered or raised above the nominal quote of the level or inclined to get slopes or ramps.
Tie-beams
The tie-beams are links between opposing walls, made of wires, rods or chains, arranged in plan between two points at the height of the floors. For each arranged tie-beam you define the mechanical properties of the iron, the diameter, the nominal maximum distance and the effects-extinction distance along the wall. Furthermore, the dimensions of the terminal anchor are required for the purpose of the verifica a punzonamento sulla muratura.
Masonry types
The masonry types contain all the typological information and the mechanical properties of materials. In particular you can define the material of blocks (bricks, concrete, stone, ecc.) the quality of mortar, the type of reinforcement in case of reinforced masonry, the class of implementation of the masonry, the degree of connection between PARAMENTI. Furthermore, you can assign the weight and all the mechanical properties of interest for the calculation: resistance to compression and shear, normal and tangential elastic moduli, limits of ductilit. Depending on the blocks, mortar and the transversal connection the program can automatically set the values of resistance and elastic moduli, according to correlations and tables available in the literature. Alternatively, the mechanical properties can be set directly by the user, if obtained for example by testing or other documentation. The program assigns a reference color, useful to distinguish the wall elements in the graphical views.
Foundation types
You can define the types of foundations, with the data for the type of material, height, size of the soul and side wings, the deformability of the substrate, the load limit and its reductive factors to consider in the verification of the tensions on the ground in static and seismic field. The foundation types apply to the panels defined as foundation wall.
Beam types
You can define the beam types (material, section, TIPO DI IMPALCATO
). The tipi di impalcato are characterized according to the construction technology (brick-concrete, wood, steel) and other data concerning the size of the joists, the capacity of transversal distribution and the weights.
Hole Types
The hole types describe doors and windows that have to be arranged on panels. You have to define overall dimensions, the material of the lintel, his arrow and any other details such as the typical bundle size, framework and sideways.
Curb types
The curb has a dual function: clamping the panel to the floor to avoid separations and hammering, and confering a level of constraint to the panel below, to be considered in the press-flexion verification when there are transverse seismic forces of inertia. The type of curb is defined by the transverse dimensions, the type (AC continuous, AC clamped with metal sections, etc..), the transverse strength of clamping and by the level of constraint that they give to the panel on which it is applied. Incidentally, you can also assign on the panels the lack of curb.
Reinforcement types
POR 2000 allows the definition of the types of reinforcement to be applied to outer wall panel hangings. Some classic types are provided, such as the wall tiling and concrete plaster, involving an increase in thickness, bilateral or unilateral, to be specified for each panel. Sono previste alcune tipologie classiche come l'affiancamento murario e l'intonaco armato, che comportano un aumento di spessore, bilaterale o monolaterale, da specificare per ogni pannello. The other two types are more innovative: reinforcements with strips of composite fiber bonded with resins (Frp) and the active seams of steel pre-tense sheets (Cam)
Bar Reinforcement types
The types of Bar Reinforcements define quantities and diameters of irons to provide reinforcement in the reinforced masonry. By default two reference types are provided. In particular, vertical armors are defined at the ends of the MASCHI , at the nodes or at the edges of any hole, and also diffuse vertical and horizontal armors are defined. Minimum proportions of iron are assigned regarding to the areas of masonry, which may involve the inclusion of additional common irons.
